Blind Side (Healthy Family Relationships)

Blind spot (solid family connections) What makes a sound family? Well in the film † The Blinde Side† it portrays the significance of family, and what guardians need to do so as to raise a glad, sound family. Leah Anne Touhy a mother of the memphis family required solid exertion in changing Michael Oher, an irksome child's life to improve things. Leah carried Michael into the family as one of their own. Leah then observed that Michael Oher, was naturally introduced to a group of 12, was kept down 2 years in primary school and had loathsome instruction record with a . 6 GPA.Leah realizing these components chose to embrace Michael and raise him to turn into the American football player of the Ravens he is today. This was just practiced by the endeavors of duty and correspondence which was utilized all through the whole film. Through the whole film the Tuohy family utilized endeavors of duty and correspondence to change not exclusively Michael's life yet their own as well. It began with the presentation of Leah Tuohy's child, S. J. to Michael who cheerfully welcomed himself. S. J. indicated trust in himself to tell Michael that you ought to smile.Later on Michael was discovered meandering the lanes in the night cold when Leah Anne and her family were driving home from a play that her child was in. Leah Anne being the humane individual she is halted the vehicle and got out to go up against Michael and offered him a stay at their warm house for the evening, Michael had no other spot to go so he took it. Leah Anne set up a bed for him and made him agreeable. The following morning Michael was en route to leave however Leah Anne left him speechless and brought him back in.This demonstrated Leah Anne's thinking about others. It happened to be thanksgiving that day and the family was crouched around the love seat sitting in front of the television while Michael was eating off in the lounge area. Leah Anne immediately watched this and carried everybody to the f easting table with the goal that every one of them would praise thanksgiving as a family including Michael. During the Thanksgiving supper Leah Anne offered Michael shopping with the goal that he could feel good in garments other than his own 2 sets of shirts and shorts.On the excursion there Leah Anne halted the vehicle to get an eye-to-eye discussion indicating that she takes extraordinary consideration in discovering Michaels past and how she can help him to improve things. One night Leah Anne posed a basic inquiry to Michael, in the event that he needed to remain? Michael reacted † I don't care for anyplace else† and sure enough she transformed the visitor room into an agreeable spot for Michael with a bed, that he had never had. Michael was improving his evaluations and now ready to play on the football crew, in festivity the Tuohy family went to diner.As they showed up Leah Anne needed to address a fast task to the Library and they found an old book that was peruse d to the kids when they were more youthful. After the supper and returned home Leah Anne read that book â€Å"Ferdinand the bold† to both S. J. what's more, Michael in an inspiring bond with the girl over behind the entryway listening cautiously and appreciating and bygone era story that was advised to her. Later Leah Anne was sleeping with her significant other communicating her joy and that it was a result of Michael.She proceeds to discuss how she affected by the adjustment in michael that she needs to have foundation for individuals in Michael's condition. Gradually they stray into sex indicating that just as Leah Anne's duties she despite everything has the opportunity to communicate her internal emotions with her significant other. Michael, never having a personal ID inquires as to whether he could get a driver's permit for the driving as well as for a recognizable proof of himself. Leah Anne concurs and takes him to the DMV when they run into a problem.Michael has no n ame enrolled for himself and Leah Anne thinks of a thought that makes a huge difference. Leah Anne at that point converses with her better half about the issue of receiving Michael into the family. They speak with their thoughts regarding this and offer their sentiments toward it also. They come to choose together joyfully that its best on the off chance that they embrace Michael since he's as of now a piece of the family for what it's worth. Leah Anne goes to an office that manages legitimate watchmen and finds that she simply needs to go under the steady gaze of a court and get consent from an adjudicator to adopt.She is surprised in that she doesn't have to stand up to the mother and chooses it's the correct activity. She goes up against the mother and she attempts to make the circumstance agreeable as conceivable telling Michaels mother that she needs to embrace Michael. Michaels mother gradually takes in the thought and acknowledges. The family at that point has a family meetin g where they disk what's happening and they at long last welcome on the plan to Michael that they need to receive him and he cheerfully acknowledges saying aren't I as of now part of the family. From these duties and correspondence comes many learning's and values.This gives that a smidgen of grace can go far. The endeavors from Leah Anne Tuohy improved Michael Oher's life. It began with a basic remain at their own home to embracing and dealing with Michael himself. Not just that the family came nearer together than previously and in result a more joyful more advantageous family too. The correspondence inside the family was at that point solid and with the expansion of Michael their correspondence got one. The family changed the life of Michael Oher, however Michael Oher changed the families lives until the end of time.

hak essays

hak articles Publicizing advances more than unimportant items in our mainstream society. Since pictures utilized in promoting are frequently romanticized, they in the end set the standard which we thus feel we should satisfy. Promotions serve to give us what the perfect picture is, and further disclose to us how to acquire it. Sponsors basically have the ability to advance positive pictures or negative pictures. Shockingly, a large portion of the jobs depicted by ladies will in general fit the last portrayal. The incongruity lies in that since it is these negative pictures which have been best in selling items. It is straightforward the intrigue which these promotions hold for men, as they place ladies in a substandard job; one portrayed by powerlessness, delicacy and defenselessness. Absolutely one can not deny that visual pictures serve to make the perfect female excellence inside the material domain of purchaser culture. The issue is that in the event that one wanderers from this perfect, there's the danger of not being acknowledged by men. Promoters, by setting beliefs, sell their items, yet in reality reaffirm conventional sexual orientation jobs in standard America. Ladies depicted in sexual promotions are portrayed as items and wares, to be devoured by men for visual joy and by ladies for self-definition. Any portrayal of a lady in sparse dress at last makes her look helpless and frail, particularly when set close to a genuinely more grounded man. Studies show that ads will focus basically on a lady's body parts as opposed to her outward appearances. Likewise, it was demonstrated that over half of ads depicting ladies contained at any rate one camera shot concentrating on her chest. Men appreciate these pictures, and unfortunately, ladies will in general attempt to typify them, paying little heed to the degree to which they corrupt themselves. Maybe one of the latest, effective, and questionable advertisement battles of the nineties is that of Calvin Klein. Amusingly, as opposed to the ... <!

MPH 16 Bartosz Garbaczewski, MIA 16 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

A view from the class Stephanie Martinez, MIA/MPH ’16 Bartosz Garbaczewski, MIA ’16 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This weeks  SIPA student profile features two bright individuals. The first, is about a dual-degree student who worked with the Peace Corps as a community health volunteer in Cameroon. The second, was recently awarded the China Trek Research Grant to work on a solar project in a rural area of China.   Stephanie Martinez, MIA/MPH ’16, is a dual-degree student at SIPA and the Mailman School of Public Health. At SIPA, Stephanie is concentrating in economic and political development with a specialization in gender and public policy. Fueled by her experiences living and working in rural Cameroon, Stephanie is dedicated to using her graduate education at Columbia to launch a career in global maternal and reproductive health rights advocacy and programming. Stephanie graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles in 2011 with a B.A. in both international development studies and Spanish. She then began her service as a Peace Corps community health volunteer in Cameroon. Over the course of her two years of service, Stephanie worked with local counterparts in assessing and creating programs to address the community’s greatest health challenges. Her work focused on family planning and reproductive health education for men, women, and students. Stephanie’s experiences in Camer oon cemented her resolve to work to empower women globally through health access and to promote sustainable maternal health services. In her free time, Stephanie loves to blog, tap dance, and find new cafes in the city. Bartosz Garbaczewski, MIA ’16, is from Rzeszow, Poland is focusing his studies in global energy management and policy with a specialization in advanced policy and economic analysis. Bartosz’s choice of the degree is based on his belief that the energy sector is an excellent catalyst for positive change - be it by providing energy accessibility to those deprived of it, minimizing impacts on natural environments, promoting responsible use of hydrocarbon resources, or helping to alleviate geopolitical crisis. Upon graduating with a degree in international economics from Nottingham University in England, Bartosz joined a Finance Graduate Development Program at Royal Dutch Shell, where he worked in Europe and in the Middle East. In the past, he also served as an economist intern to the UK’s Government Economic Service at the Department for Work and Pensions. In his first semester at SIPA, Bartosz became a member of the SIPA Energy Association, Consulting Club, and Finance Society. M ost recently, he obtained the China Trek Research Grant from SIPA and looks forward to working on a solar project in the Western rural regions of China. Bartosz looks forward to interning across the public and private energy sector this summer to further develop his skills as an energy professional. We look forward to Stephanies and Bartosz’s next year at SIPA!

Superstition, Panic, And Rumor - 1042 Words

Superstition, panic and rumor make for a deadly concoction, especially when spurred by religious zeal. While the actual trials may have only lasted for less than a year, Salem was indeed previously entrapped in a dangerous illusion of their own making for decades. Such as the nature of superstition and rumor, they curate an atmosphere of distrust, breeding paranoia because they are puzzles waiting to be fully realized. If they are not, then the paranoia only festers into madness and panic—growing anxiety. The divided colony of Salem devolves into a dramatic opera of fabrications, bent on exposing the most convenient of culprits. The dramatics become a glorious piece of abject theatre—a perverse freakshow—that coils into the roots of a frightened and tedious society, spreading like a sickness. It is a virus bred from the ugly convenience of rivalry, intolerance and pity quarrels. Salem first settled in 1628, beginning the Massachusetts Bay Colony. There are following events that exacerbated the overall feeling of paranoia, frustration and unease in the colonies that would later allow the trials to happen: The colony charter disputes that eventually led to King William’s War largely sending refugees into Salem Village, the raids of the indigenous peoples, the arrival of smallpox believed to have been brought to the colonies by the Carrier family and more. There was also controversy afoot when Reverend Samuel Parris, became Salem Village s first ordained minister in 1689, asShow MoreRelated Plants and Superstitions Essay1739 Words   |  7 PagesPlants and Superstitions For many years plants have played a large part in superstitions. Although, they are not so much believed now, as they used to be. They were used to help ones fortune, wealth and fertility. It is amazing that bread was ever eaten; there were so many superstitions about it. It was used to aid in all of these things and many more, It is ironic, however, that the one thing they worshipped and used to keep harm and disease away made them ill and killed some of them. When allRead MoreThe end6477 Words   |  26 Pagesnotes that she does not seem afraid of the boys. 4. In what way is Marin older than the other girls? - She tells Esperanza and her friends useful things like how girls get pregnant and how to remove unwanted facial hair, as well as girlish superstitions, such as how the number of calcium deposits on their fingernails corresponds with the number of boys who like them. She also has a serious boyfriend back home. 5. What are Esperanza’s perceptions of Marin? -As glamorous as Marin seems withRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesâ€Å"Try not to let it touch your soul,† says Sutton. 4. Polish your rà ©sumà ©. Bullies sometimes go away, and sometimes they listen. But if they aren’t going to change and aren’t going away, you may want to plan your exit strategy. Take your time and don’t panic. But not every workplace is filled with bullies, and you’ll likely be happier if you’re in one of those. Source: L. Petrecca, â€Å"Bullying in Workplace Is Common, Hard to Fix, USA Today (De† cember 28, 2010), pp. 1B–2B; R. I. Sutton, Good Boss, Bad Boss:Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesthe object of ideological denigration. The folk religion, in all its variants, was described by one of Jamaicas leading intellectuals of the 1920s and 1930s as the mud, which he contrasted with the gold. The mud was that tradition of African superstition and savagery, with its wild drumming, dancing, spirit possession and polytheism, in which the ignorant masses were mired, the gold the tradition of real religion, with its Easter morning pealing of bells, one true God and studied reï ¬â€šection.62

Learn About the Minerals Known As Mica

Relationship Between the Criminal Justice System and Mental Illness Free Essays

With nearly 300,000 mentally ill individuals housed within local, state, and federal prison systems, issues of mental health care within the criminal justice system are at the forefront of debate. While steps such as increasing medications and providing at least marginal support for the mentally ill within state institutions are improving the situation, recidivism rates, homelessness, and violence against ill prison inmates is still a major problem in today’s society. The product of deinstitutionalization, this problem of warehousing the ill within the criminal justice system must be attended to in order to create an atmosphere of care for the mentally ill. We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship Between the Criminal Justice System and Mental Illness or any similar topic only for you Order Now By altering legislation against involuntary assistance, increasing knowledge and awareness through the criminal justice system, and an increase in community care following release, the criminal justice system can create a cost effective solution to the problem of untreated mental illness within the system. The Relationship between the Criminal Justice System The relationship between mental illness and the criminal justice system has been one of intense scrutiny over the past several decades. Issues such as treatment options within state and federal prison systems, behavioral consequences of mental illness, and length of stay issues have all been deliberated intently by the psychiatric and legal community. These studies have indicated that severe problems exist within the system in terms of the care mentally ill individuals receive while incarcerated. This paper will focus on the issues of the mentally ill prison inmate, and will review current literature which suggests that although steps are being taken to solve some of these issues, more work must be undertaken to solve the problem of mental illness within the criminal justice system. In the correctional system today, there are nearly 300,000 mentally ill individuals, as compared to only 60,000 currently residing in state psychiatric hospitals (Faust, 2003). While only five percent of the population within the United States suffers from some form of mental illness, sixteen percent of individuals within the U.S. prison system suffer mental illness, clearly showing an over representation of these individuals within the system (Ditton, 1999). Some studies even suggest that the rate of incarceration of the mentally ill is four times that of the general population for males, and nearly six times that of the general population for females (Cox, 2001). The question, then, may be asked if the criminal justice system is ignoring the issues of mental illness, but studies suggest this is not the case. In the Los Angeles county jail system alone, over $10 million a year is spent on psychiatric medications for inmates (Faust, 2003). Another study showed that nearly half of all U.S. states have, in the last four years, established commissions or task forces specifically designed to look into the connection between the mental health system and the criminal system. Further legislation has been introduced in five states calling for such commissions (Souweine, 2004). In some states, such as Ohio, serious efforts have been put into place to assist the mentally ill. Ohio state prisons have quintupled the number of mental health professionals on staff, developed better mental health screening, provided more beds for the criminally insane, improved guard training, and improved funding for inmate mental health care (Kaufman, 1999). With all of these efforts in place, it is difficult to see why the problem of untreated mental illness exists. In order to understand the problem, it is essential to first understand the origins of the situation. In the mid-1950’s through the 1970’s, attempts were in force to dismantle the warehouses of the mentally ill through a process known as â€Å"deinstitutionalization†. At the time, mental institutions were simply holding areas for the insane, with sparse living conditions, harsh â€Å"treatment† procedures including electroshock therapy in unsafe conditions, and brutalization of patients (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). Following concerns about civil rights issues, cost issues, and a desire to move to a more â€Å"outpatient† approach, numerous legislations were enacted to â€Å"deinstitutionalize† the population of mental health hospitals. First in 1965, the federal government passed legislation that specifically excluded Medicaid payments for inmates housed in state psychiatric hospitals. As a result, the states were now required to provide care, and, looking to lower costs, many discharged hundreds or thousands of patients into society (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). In addition, legal reforms in the 1970’s were passed that required an individual to be a danger to himself or to others in order for him or her to be treated involuntarily for their illness (Faust, 2003). The result was another mass release of patients into society. The results of deinstitutionalization are clear. Since 1960, nearly 90 percent of psychiatric beds in state hospitals have been removed. In 1955, nearly 600,000 individuals resided in state psychiatric hospitals; the number today is less than 70,000 individuals (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). Unfortunately, however, these numbers are misleading, in that they suggest a reduction in the number of mentally ill individuals, which is not the case. For many deinstitutionalized patients, the end result was simply a transinstitutionalization, or change of residence. While the Medicaid funds had been withdrawn for state psychiatric hospitals, those funds were still available for individuals with mental illness residing in nursing homes and general hospitals. As a result, many patients were simply transferred to these types of settings, where treatment options and care for the mentally insane were not nearly as advanced. By the mid 1980’s, nearly 23 percent of nursing home residents had some form of mental illness (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). For other deinstitutionalized patients, the results were far more disastrous. According to recent studies, nearly 200,000 individuals with schizophrenia or manic-depression are homeless (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). Another 200,000 of the homeless population suffer from other forms of mental illness. As homeless individuals, many of these patients are unable to maintain any form of treatment or medications, and thus are unable to receive the care they desperately need in order to function in society (Faust, 2003). Unfortunately, for many of these individuals, criminal incarceration in the final result. In some cases, family members who are unable to force their relatives into treatment facilities due to the involuntary treatment laws have no choice but to wait until the illness causes harmful behaviors. At that junction, the police are contacted, and the individual is removed to a correctional facility (Faust, 2003). Since it is now common practice to give priority to mentally ill individuals awaiting court proceedings, many family members find this method the only option for obtaining assistance (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). The result, according to a 1992 study, is that over 29 percent of jails in the U.S. criminal justice system report holding mentally ill individuals with no charges against them. Certain states, such as Montana, Wyoming, and New Mexico, allow such situations if the individual is being held awaiting psychiatric evaluation, a psychiatric bed in a state hospital, or transportation to that hospital (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). Many of these individuals are held after arrest for misdemeanors, such as trespassing, disorderly conduct, or vagrancy (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). In fact, nearly half of the mentally ill inmates housed within the criminal justice system at any given time have been arrested for a non-violent crime (Ditton, 1999). Additionally, studies have shown that substance abuse is often involved with many mentally ill individuals (Teplin and Abram, 2000). As a result, these individuals are often arrested for alcohol and drug related offenses (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). In many of these arrests, police are attempting to protect these individuals from harm, such as robbery, beatings, and rape, and therefore perform â€Å"mercy bookings† or unnecessary arrests in order to house the mentally ill (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). While these methods certainly provide some form of housing for the mentally ill, the consequences of that housing are astronomical. First, the costs of mentally ill housing within the criminal justice system are staggering. According to the Department of Justice in 2000, American taxpayers pay $15 billion annually for individuals incarcerated in jails and prisons with mental illnesses (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2001). Additionally, while these inmates do receive some form of psychiatric care, the costs of such care are much higher than that of community care centers, while the outcomes of such treatment is often much lower. According to the Department of Justice in 2000, one in every eight state prisoners were receiving some form of mental health therapy, and of the 1,558 state correctional facilities in the nation, 1,394 provided some form of mental health care. Nearly 70 percent screen inmates at admission for mental health issues, 65 percent conduct regular psychological assessment, half provide 24-hour psychological services, nearly 75 percent distribute psychotropic medications, and 66 percent assist released individuals with obtaining community mental health services (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2001). However, even with the steps in place, the programs tend to not be as intensive nor as successful as those in a more clinical or community setting. Drug therapy, used in nearly 60 percent of the mentally ill housed within the correctional system, has been shown to be less effective than drug therapy combined with other forms of therapy (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2001). Since nearly two-thirds of the mentally ill inmates are housed within units not specializing in mental health services, many are not receiving forms of treatment shown to be effective (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). In addition to the problems with mental health care in state institutions, local institutions fare even worse. A 1992 study of American jails functioning outside of the state or federal level showed that one in five systems had no access to mental health services whatsoever. Furthermore, 84 percent of these systems reported their staff to have received either no training or less than three hours of training in dealing with mentally ill inmates (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). Clearly, simply housing the mentally ill within the state and local criminal justice system institutions is not cost effective, nor effective in terms of treatment given. However, there are even more drastic consequences of using the criminal justice system as a holding area for the mentally ill. First and foremost, mentally ill patients have special needs outside of simple medicinal requirements. Patterns of illogical thinking, delusions, hallucinations, severe mood swings, and other symptoms of mental illness tend to occur even in medicated mentally ill individuals. In the prison system, these symptoms which lead to bizarre and unpredictable behavior are often misunderstood by personnel that have not been trained in these types of illnesses. As a result, non-ill inmates and the personnel themselves may react with violence and punishment that is detrimental to the already fragile mental health of the individual (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). Still further, rape, a commonly known occurrence in prison systems, is more likely to occur in individuals who are unable to defend themselves due to confusion and disorientation as a result of their mental illness (Hiday, et al, 1998). These patterns of behaviors also lead to longer prison sentences for mentally ill inmates. In one study, done in Riker’s Island Prison, the average length of stay for an inmate was 42 days. In comparison, the average rate for a mentally ill inmate was 215 days, a length five times that of a non-ill inmate. In a similar study in Pennsylvania, only 16 percent of released prisoners had served their complete sentence. Of those, the mentally ill were three times as likely to serve their complete sentence as those who were not ill (Ditton, 1999). Perhaps one of the largest problems facing the mentally ill who are incarcerated is finding community resources for equal or greater care following their release. A study completed it 1992 showed that nearly 30 percent of mentally ill inmates released commit another act within four months of release (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). For many, this recidivism rate is due to a lack of medications necessary to maintain a stable mental health condition. In addition, many of these individuals find themselves homeless following release, which further limits their ability to receive further treatment (Ditton, 1999). It is clear that, although the current criminal justice system certainly attempts to care for the mentally ill, more needs to be done to ensure these individuals are continuously cared for. One such step, supported by the National Sheriff’s Association, is to consider new laws altering the requirements for mental ill treatment. The NSA suggests laws which would allow treatment based on a â€Å"need for treatment†, rather than simply a show of â€Å"dangerousness†. The NSA also supports measures to allow a court order to assist in outpatient treatment of individuals in the community who need such treatment, but refuse it (Faust, 2003). Many studies have shown that mentally ill individuals often are not aware of their illness and thus, refuse treatment despite their clear need for such measures (Teplin and Abram, 2000). According to a long term study supported by the NSA, long term treatment combined with routine outpatient services reduced rearrest by nearly 74 pe rcent (Faust, 2003). Further, increasing the availability of community services following release has shown to be an effective measure in controlling the issue of mentally ill inmates upon their release. In Cook County, Illinois, case management for released inmates is provided by the Thresholds Jail Program. The individuals of Thresholds provide 7 day a week case management for as long as the member needs assistance, and even searches the streets for those individuals who are homeless at the time of release. This commitment has resulted in an 80 percent reduction in the need for hospitalization or incarceration of released inmates. Funded through the Illinois Office of Mental Health, the program costs $25 a day, in comparison to $70 a day for incarceration, or $500 a day for hospitalization (Thresholds, 2006). Additionally, ensuring mental health screening measures, improving personnel training, and providing qualified mental health staff in all criminal justice systems, including local jails, would also help to decrease the issues related to the mentally ill within the system. In Ohio, where such measures have been implemented, there has been a dramatic increase in the care of the mentally ill. Reports show less mentally ill prisoner abuse, smaller punishments for rule infractions, and an overall increase in inmate mental health. Even further, recidivism rates of the mentally ill in Ohio have fallen nearly 80 percent (Kaufman, 1999). Deinstitutionalization had drastic effects on the future of the mentally ill in America. Unfortunately, the criminal justice system has become a replacement warehouse for the mentally ill, providing basic housing and medication for these individuals only for the duration of confinement. Once released, and even in some smaller prison systems, the inmate is left without adequate mental health treatment or medication, resulting in an endless spiral of illness and incarceration that is costing billions of dollars a year, and the lives of many mentally ill individuals. By creating new laws which allow treatment based on need, utilizing existing community resources on release, and increasing the knowledge and awareness of such issues within the personnel of the criminal justice system, these individuals can become productive members of society at a far lower cost, creating a better situation for all involved. How to cite Relationship Between the Criminal Justice System and Mental Illness, Essay examples

The IR issue of Pronto shoes-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Describe a Current Crisis of Your Choice involving at Least two types of IR Actors. Answer: Introduction The report is the analysis of the industrial relations. The issue is in connection with the problems that are related to the workers and the reaction of the management towards the issues. This report deals with the industrial crisis that has occurred in the powerful business sector. In this particular report the issue that has occurred in the Pronto Shoes which belongs to a business sector that has been taken into account. The actors therefore in this sector are the corporate and the business actors. Pronto shoe is one of the leading shoe manufacturers of Egypt. The concept of industrial relations is dense and there are different scopes of the same. It deals with the problems that are related to the disputes between the manager and the employees in the workplace. It is completely a business sector therefore the problems are between the workers and the business directors. There are certain issues that can be applied in order to solve such issues. The theories include the pluralist the ory, the utilitarian theory and the Marxist theory. The report concentrates on the Pluralist theory to solve the issue that has occurred in the organization. Towards the end of the report there is a detailed analysis of the theory. The report also consists of the role of the actors of the situation. The IR issue of Pronto shoes There has been a continuous issue in Pronto shoe Company. The issue has been consistent for a longer period of time. The issue has led to innumerable strikes and protests. The common form of protest was the strike. The issue remained as a perennial problem. The actual reason of the essay was an incident that occurred in the company. The incident occurred on 7th October 1995. It one happened that a labor in the Pronto shoe company named Abasi, in a meeting was assaulted and was abused by the business head in a group huddle. He was unethically accused for something he has not done and was later debarred form the yearly bonus and he was not given a chance initially to justify himself and defend himself (Light, Margot and Arthur John Richard Groom). There is a background of this incident. The background was that the directors of Pronto shoes were planning to sell of their shares to the other franchisee holders. The posting of the labors were not thought by the directors and this infused anger in them as this led to insecurity in them (Jackson, Robert and Georg Srensen). This could lead to unemployment. The labors were not given any kind of job guarantee for this. The labors raised their voice against this and therefore a meeting was held for this. The labor named Abasi was the leader of their Union. He was therefore charged for provoking the other labors and was assaulted for the same reason in the meeting in front of all other labors. This was however a wrong action done by the business head. The business head was however reacted in a passive manner. He was neutral to the situation. He did not react to their demands and was did not pay any heed to the demands of the labors. It was the director of the company who reacted to the situation and paid attention to the needs to the needs and claims of the workers. The director, Mr. Pronto was made efforts to listen to the demands of the workers and conducted meetings with them. He took notice of the situation and he made efforts to reduce the heated situation that was there after the issue. He made efforts to resolve the angers of the workers and justify the reason of their action. He conducted a personal meeting of the labor and the business head. He managed for apology from the business head to the labor for his partial and arrogant behavior. The pluralist theory has been applied here. The perspective of the labors and the labor union has been focused on in this case (Ferguson and Yale). Main players in this issue Any industrial crisis situation includes actors. Actors are basically the persons who are the main concerns of the situation and for whom the issue has raised. In this case there have been many players. The players in this case are the labors and the managing bodies of the company. The crisis occurred because of the decision made by the managing body of the company which includes the stakeholders of the company. The factory owners and the decision makers of the company were responsible for the situation. However the managing director has played a major role in this by intervening and solving the problem Therefore he is another player in this situation. Al the players had a major role to play in this. All the players had their own perspectives and own point of view which was to some extent justified (Booth, Ken and Toni Erskine). Two main players (actors) The actors are the players of the situation and the vice versa. The actors play a huge role in this situation. The situation intends to the crisis situation in this case. The highlighted actors in this case are the labor who was unethically accused and the business head that was responsible for the industrial crisis that occurred. The crisis can clearly be termed as the Industrial crisis. The labors represented the entire workers as he spoke of against the decision that was made by the managing committee. Another reason behind this was the same class that the workers belonged in. The business head had the power to manage and take the initial decision regarding the factory. This is the reason the labor was dominated and he was penalized (Dunne, et al). The labor however was restored his job back with complete honor. Apart from this it was same in the case of shutting down of the factory and the takeover of the same by other company. The shareholders made the decision without giving pr ior notice to the workers. The labors were the biggest sufferers in this case. The important actors in this case were the shareholders and the workers. The ultimate sufferers of the situation were the labors and the reason of their sufferings was the stakeholders of the company. However the actors that are to be highlighted are the labor that was unethically treated and the business head that was the real reason behind it. This crisis was more unethical and a more important issue than the other issues (Dunne, et al). The reaction of the two actors in respect to the situations The reaction of both the actors was extreme. The two actors were the labor and the business head that can be highlighted in this situation. The labor refused to agree to the situation and he denied obeying the decisions of the management of the company. This was the reason he raised voice against the situation as his future was at stake. He was the leader of the union of the labors (Ludwig and David). Therefore he was the one to ask for the security of the labors. After this when he was supported by the other labors he was unethically accused and he was debarred from few facilities. He protested through the means of strikes in front of the factory of the company. The reaction of the business head was passive. He was not ready to listen to the demands of the labors. He showed an adamant behavior towards the labors. The reaction of labors was violent and it ultimately was able to bring about a change in the decision of the management. The business head had to finally to apologize to th e union members. This was the final reaction of the manager (Battaly, Heather). Analysis of the behaviors of the actors It is while analyzing the behavior of the actors it can be stated that the theory of the pluralists has been applied and it can be suggested to be applied in this case. The pluralist theory is that the organizations comprises of individuals who form distinct sectional groups which has their own area of interests, objectives and leadership (Smith et al). This theory can be applied when there are conflicts between the management and the workers which is the result of the industrial and organizational factors (Ludwig, David). This comprises of not only the industrial disputes and strikes but also the entire range of whole range of opposing and different behaviors between the owners of the industry and the decision makers on one side and the working people and their organization and union on the other side. The theory can be applied in this crisis (Ackers, Peter). The crisis occurred between the managers and the worker unions. It has laid over-emphasis on the interest alone. It overlooke d the importance of the values and the cultures (Jrgensen and Knud Erik). The workers in this case show a common interest but they do not share the same value and ethics. The pluralists theory is therefore applicable in this case. The interests and the values play an important role in uniting the groups and also in dividing them. However from the analysis of the situation this can be stated that it is not necessary for the identity of the group to be deep rooted on any particular common group interest as some particular common value a significant role in such construction (Acharya, Amitav). Conclusion Therefore from the above analysis it can be concluded that conflicts in industrial relations are a common forms of crisis that is observed in almost all industrial sectors. The theories are applied to resolve such issues. The theories are applicable in all crisis situation and they are effective in maximum situations. The actors or the players play an important role in such crisis. The relation between the players is therefore essentially important and it is important to keep the working environment healthy. They are dependent on each other in any situation. References Acharya, Amitav.Constructing a security community in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the problem of regional order. Routledge, 2014. Ackers, Peter. "Rethinking the employment relationship: a neo-pluralist critique of British industrial relations orthodoxy."The International Journal of Human Resource Management 25.18 (2014): 2608-2625. Battaly, Heather. "A Pluralist Theory of Virtue."Current Controversies in Virtue Theory. Routledge(2015): 7-21. Booth, Ken, and Toni Erskine, eds.International relations theory today. John Wiley Sons, 2016. Dunne, Tim, Lene Hansen, and Colin Wight. "The end of International Relations theory?."European Journal of International Relations19.3 (2013): 405-425. Dunne, Tim, Milja Kurki, and Steve Smith, eds.International Relations Theories. Oxford University Press, 2013. Ferguson, Yale H. "Diversity in IR theory: Pluralism as an opportunity for understanding global politics."International Studies Perspectives16.1 (2015): 3-12. Wallace, Helen, Mark A. Pollack, and Alasdair R. Young, eds.Policy-making in the European Union. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. Jackson, Robert, and Georg Srensen.Introduction to international relations: theories and approaches. Oxford university press, 2015. Jrgensen, Knud Erik.International relations theory: A new introduction. Springer, 2017. Light, Margot, and Arthur John Richard Groom, eds.International relations: A handbook of current theory. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016. Ludwig, David.A Pluralist theory of the mind. Vol. 2. Dordrecht: Springer, 2015. Smith, Steve, Amelia Hadfield, and Tim Dunne, eds.Foreign policy: theories, actors, cases. Oxford University Press, 2016.

Price Wars free essay sample

The key players in the wireless industry are Verizon Wireless, ATT, Sprint, and T-Mobile. With these four companies controlling 90% of the market, there are no other ‘key players’ in the industry. U. S. Cellular is not quite a ‘key player’, however they do hold approximately 2. 4% of the customer nationwide and must be in the overall picture. In addition, the data suggests that the pool of potential people that would get a cell phone is almost entirely saturated so it does not look as if there is any room for additional competition. If a price war will reduce margins, as the case suggests, why would any company ? embrace this strategy? Price is the most attractive marketing gimmick to attract competitors’ customers. As the case told, the cell phone subscribers have nearly topped 260 million in the US and the country’s population is 305 million. The remaining 45 million maybe too young for a cell phone or they have already decided they do not want to have a cell phone. We will write a custom essay sample on Price Wars or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This condition created no more new customer so wireless companies will compete each other to attract its competitors’ customers. Certainly, the existing customers will be reluctant to move to another wireless company without an interesting offering. The existing customers have to change their cell phone number that is not comfortable so the company should attract the competitors’ customer by offering low price. In the middle of rigor competition, the company should put attention to the competitor-based method to set its price. Furthermore, the case told that low price would have a risk of causing harm to their economic bottom line. Thus, the wireless company should formulate the marketing gimmick to compensate its low price. For example, Verizon lowers its voice plans price but in the flip side Verizon eliminates the data plan bonus. In addition, JP Morgan estimates that only 2% of wireless subscribers will end up with lower bills. Price wars do not always harm the companies or reduce margin as a whole business but it will stimulate company’s creativity to create a marketing gimmick to attract competitors’ customers. On what other strategy elements could the wireless companies compete? With a potentially unsustainable pricing war, companies will need find other methods to compete with each other. Currently, ATT and Verizon both battle back and forth between whose networks are bigger and whose 4G data speeds are faster. As the cellular data speeds continue to increase, this will surely continue to remain one of the major competition points between the service providers. Another competition point that is beginning to emerge is the ease and frequency with which customers can upgrade phones. With the capabilities of the new smartphones changing almost daily, customers who want the newest, best phone will be likely to move their contract to a provider who allows them to upgrade more often. These additional services are things that some customers will be willing to pay more for and can offer the service providers a way to help boost the margins that have been hacked by the pricing war. Which wireless provider do you use? Why? Given the benefits of each firms wireless ? program, did you make the best provider choice? Justify your answer. One team-member uses ATT as the wireless provider because his employer pays for the service. The building in which they are located is made of steel, making it problematic for cellular signals to penetrate. Of the four major providers, ATT is the only firm that is able to service our office, which is where the majority of employee phone usage takes place. Due to this functional issue, our wireless provider options were severely limited. Nevertheless, ATT still manages to offer a price break, and as a business this makes the plan more cost effective. Additionally, our employees were utilizing smartphones years ago, when ATT had an unlimited data plan. This plan feature has been extended for our company, which is not available at the same price point with other wireless providers.

Regulation and ‘after-crisis’ financial futures essayEssay Writing Service

Regulation and ‘after-crisis’ financial futures essayEssay Writing Service Regulation and ‘after-crisis’ financial futures essay Regulation and ‘after-crisis’ financial futures essayBasing on Davidson and Blumberg (2010) and Garbade (2011), quantitative easing is one of the unconventional tools of monetary policy, under which the Federal Reserve buys banks’ debt obligations (bonds) of mortgage agencies and US Treasury bonds, pouring into the financial system a certain amount of money. The central bank changes the amount of money in the economy, at the same time adjusting the yield of redeemable securities reducing interest rates, thereby making loans to companies cheaper. In fact, as Garbade (2011) marks, it is the increase of the economy liquidity, which should stimulate its subsequent rapid growth.Indeed, activating the quantitative easing policy in the midst of the 2008 crisis, in November 2010 and September 2012, today the US economy is showing unequivocal signs of growth. Some critics of the Federal Reserve’s actions, without doubt, want to point out that this economic recovery is artificial. One should not forget, however, that many adherents of these views had previously stated that quantitative easing and zero discount rate would not work at all. Is the program of quantitative easing that useless in reality? On the one hand, the overflow of turnover channels with excess money supply raises the risk of price inflation, causes violation of macroeconomic balance, can destroy incentives for productive work, and enhances social and income inequality in society. On the other hand, increase of the effective demand of the population should pull a recovery of the real economy and the service sector. Below we will try to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of quantitative easing policy and assess their consequences in the long run.  Ã‚  The effectiveness of quantitative easingAs Christophers (2014) reasonably notes, quantitative easing may be used as a kind of insurance that inflation will not fall below the target value. Policy liberalization can stimulate growth through growth of asset prices (stocks and housing), reduction of the cost of credit, as well as reduction of the risk that the actual and expected inflation will decrease. Considering the resistance of the financial market and deleveraging by private individuals, the lack of sufficient monetary easing in recent years would lead to double and triple recession (as it has occurred, for example, in the euro area).Instead, according to the IMF, the policy of quantitative easing by central banks in developed countries since the financial crisis of 2008 led to reduction of systemic risk after Lehman Brothers bankruptcy. In particular, QE2 has boosted the stock market in the second half of 2010, which in turn led to an increase in consumption and strengthening of the US economy, and slowing the fall in GDP growth at the end of 2010 (Garbade, 2011). Thus, GDP growth in the third quarter of this year amounted to 3.5%, in the second quarter 4.6%. After several years of an insufficient number of jobs, the US labor market is also coming to life. Now the average of 241 thousand new jobs appear in the United States per month, which is almost 25% higher than the monthly average in 2013 equal to 194 thousand (Christophers, 2014). In addition to increasing employment in the economy, the Federal Reserve System points to the growing volume of investments and moderate growth in consumer demand.Risks of quantitative easingOn the other hand, quantitative easing may lead to higher inflation than expected, if the amount of the required easing proves to be overrated, and too much money is issued (Davidson Blumberg, 2010). For example, since the beginning of economic recession, the size of the Fed’s balance sheet assets has increased five-fold from $900 billion to $4.5 trillion (for comparison, China owns US Treasuries for $1.3 trillion) (Christophers, 2014). In addition, this policy can fail if the banks are reluctant to lend to small businesses and households to stim ulate demand. It is also necessary to take into account that quantitative easing can effectively mitigate the process of deleveraging reduction, and thus reduce the yield on debts, but in the context of a global economy low interest rates may lead to stock bubble in other economies (Garbade, 2011).Along with that, increase in the money supply leads to devaluation of the local currency against the others. This feature of QE helps the country’s exporters and debtors whose debts are denominated in local currency, as the debt is devalued with the currency. However, it directly harms the country’s creditors, because the real value of their savings falls. Currency devaluation also hurts importers since the prices of imported goods increase (Dizikes, 2010).In general, increase in the money supply has an inflationary effect, which manifests with a certain time lag (Davidson Blumberg, 2010; Garbade, 2011). Inflation risks can be relived if economic growth exceeds the growth in the money supply associated with easing. If production in the economy increases due to the increased supply of money, productivity per unit of money can also increase even if the economy receives more money. For example, if the stimulated growth of the GDP grows at the same rate as the value of monetized debt, inflationary pressure will be neutralized. This can happen if the banks lend credits and not accumulate cash.On the other hand, if money demand is highly inelastic with respect to interest rates or interest rates are close to zero (symptoms of liquidity trap), quantitative easing may be used for the growth of the money supply, and GDP of the economy is below potential possible level, inflationary effect will be little if any at all (Dizikes, 2010; Garbade, 2011).ConclusionIf we consider the quantitative easing as inflation tax to stimulate final demand, we can recognize that in many ways this pattern has given a certain effect. Naturally, the recovery in global economic activ ity has been accompanied by the effect of low base of the crisis period and the replacement of the commodity stock, but the process of inflation definitely worked. However, in our view, the continued growth of inflation threatens by the implementation of stagflation scenario in the short term and definitely opposes the introduction of the next round of unconventional measures of monetary policy. Obviously, the measures of single quantitative easing cannot resolve long-term problems, such as high fiscal deficits, rising unemployment, and so on. Monetary incentives are not able to solve the problems that have arisen in the process of transformation of the credit crisis in recent years in social tension, as can be seen on example of peripheral euro zone countries. At the same time, quantitative easing allows keeping the credit markets in shape, stimulates money supply, relieves the large debt burden of the state, corporations and households, and can be effective as a short-term measure that should be timely deactivated. In the current situation of uncertainty of the reliability and long-term economy strengthening values, we can only hope that the recent decision on the Federal Reserve to terminate quantitative easing is exactly the timely measure. So far, this process is not uniform: the price of risky assets, primarily stocks and commodities, by large already include the completion of quantitative easing, while bond markets are yet to face a serious test of strength in the future.

Research paper on false memory for psychology Essay

Research paper on false memory for psychology - Essay Example This paper aimed at ascertaining whether this is true using a sample of 126 people (36 Females and 90 Males). According to Roediger III, H et al. (2001), visual objects are better remembered than are words which are just memorized. To him, imagery aids are remembered since they are retained in the memory. All recall phenomenon depend on the interaction and retrieval process of the words to be recalled. To Roediger III, H. and McDermott, K.B. (1995), words which are associated with related words presented earlier on are false fully recalled. In a research, Roediger III and McDermott proved that, words which are related in a certain order are easier to false-recall than those that not related. This is so because, the memory tends to recall words in a certain order which may fail if the order is not followed. Human minds often retrieve information due to sheer falsehoods. According to Cathy, L. M. et al. (1999), in day to day life, many people interact, communicate and form and interrelationship between the various words they sue. To Cathy, L. M. et a, the ability to recall this words depends on the preexisting connections between the words and the other associates. The study below is based on the capability of recalling words. Age has also been cited as a factor in memory recall. In this case, this will be tested with the age of the various participants being split into two, those aged between 15-21 and those above 21 years; However, according to many researchers, the ability to recall words not included in any list does not depend on ones age. In this research study, it will be assumed that, the recall capability of all the participants is the same across all ages. Almost all of them are assumed to be able to recall words at the medium level. Some 126 participants were selected for the study with 36 females and 90 males. All of them were required to read the 15 words from the 15 lists and then told to remember

Derivative Instruments, Debt, and Contingencies Essay

Derivative Instruments, Debt, and Contingencies - Essay Example The third issue that the company must deal with is the possibility of patent impairment. This memo will discuss the topics of contingencies, debt rewritten based on bankruptcy protection, and impairment of patents. A contingency can be defined as a possible loss/liability or gain/asset, which may or may not be realized in the future (Ecfa, 2011). There are different types of contingencies such as obsolesce of inventory, employee claims, impairment of machinery and equipment, and lawsuits. Your company is currently facing a legal contingency resulting from the possibility of a lawsuit. The accounting statement that deals with contingency is SFAS No. 5 (Pwc). There are different scenarios that the firm must analyze in order to determine whether or not the contingency must be reported in the financial statements or as notes to the financial statements of the company. SFAS No. 5 establishes precise rules and guidelines that accountants must follow in order to comply with the generally accepted accounting principles. The probability of occurrence of the lawsuit is one of the determining factors on whether or not it the lawsuit should be reported within the financial statements of the company. The second factor to consider is whether of not the loss contingency can be estimated. The general rules to follow in relation to loss contingencies are illustrated in the table below: Based on the table above the company can determine the proper accounting treatment. I recommend that the accounting department have a close meeting with the lawyers of the firm to determine the actual probability of the lawsuit occurring. If the lawyers are not able to determine this data then the firm should proceed to hire a risk management consultant to determine the probability of losing the lawsuit. The table in this memo provides the exact guidelines the company should follow to comply with the generally accepted accounting principles.

Gravitational force: An overview

Gravitational force: An overview 1.0 Introduction 1.1 What is gravitational force? Gravitational force is defined as a force of attraction which exerts between two objects with mass. It pulls two objects that have mass. (Gravitation and Gravity n.d.). 1.2 Background Information 1.2.1 The discovery of gravitational force One day, Newton was sitting on his garden and observing the falling of an apple from a tree. A sudden inspiration appeared in his mind. There must be a force exerted on the apple since the apple accelerated while falling down from the tree with zero initial velocity. The force is then called â€Å"gravity† and the acceleration due to the force is called â€Å"acceleration due to gravity† (Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of Gravitation n.d.). 1.2.2 Effects of gravitation on planets If the force of gravity exerts at the top of the trees and mountains, then it must exerts all the way to the orbit of the moon. It is expected that the orbit of the moon around the earth results from the gravitational force as the acceleration due to the gravity can change the velocity of the moon in such a way it followed an orbit around the earth (Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of Gravitation n.d.). 2.0 The Universal Law of Gravitation 2.1 Keplers law of gravitation Keplers Third Law states that the ratio of the cubes of their mean distances from the Sun is same as the squares of the periods of any two planets orbit about the Sun. P represents the time taken for one revolution about the Sun and R represents the distance between the planet and the Sun. The equation indicates that the period for the planet to orbit the Sun is proportional to the radius of its orbit. (Johannes Kepler: The Law of Planetary Motion n.d.). However, the accurate measurements on the orbits of the planets showed that they do not precisely follow Keplers laws. The validity of the Keplers law is corrected by Newton. The mass of the Sun is extremely greater than any other planet. Thus, the force of attraction between planets will be small compared to the force due to the Sun (Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of gravitation n.d.). 2.2 The law of universal gravitation Law of universal gravitation states that every particle in the universe attracts each another with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance apart squared. This force exerts along the line of centers joining the two particles. The magnitude of the gravitational force can be calculated using the formula: Fg = GMm Fg is the magnitude of the gravitational force r ² G is universal gravitational constant M and m are the masses of the two particles. r is the distance between the two particles. The universal gravitational force is also named universal constant as it is expected to be constant at any times and places. Therefore, it is universally characterized the intrinsic strength of gravitational force (Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of gravitation n.d.). The gravitational constant is very small since we are unaware of the existence of the force of attraction between objects. The accepted value is G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm ²/kg2. Based on the equation, the greater the distance between two masses, the smaller the gravitational force (Universal gravitation and weight n.d). 3.0 Gravitational fields Gravitational field is defined as the gravitational force felt by a discrete particle in a particular area (Fowler 2006). 3.1 Field strength Gravitational field strength is defined as force, N per unit mass, kg. The definition of gravitational field strength is derived from the Newtons second law, ÃŽ £F=ma. By making acceleration, a, as a subject and then substitute acceleration, a with gravitational field strength, g, and we would obtain a formula, g = F/m. F represents the gravitational force, N whereby m represents the mass of an object, kg. Gravitational field strength close to the earths surface is the same as the gravitational acceleration, 9.8Nkg-1. When the force is not given, gravitational field strength can be calculated by using the formula, g = GM/r ². This formula can be obtained by the substitution of the two equation, F = mg and F = GMm/r ². Hence, resulted in the formation of the equation, g = GM/r ². The greater the value of g, the greater the gravitational field strength (Universal Gravitation and Weight n.d.). 3.2 Principle of superposition In terms of gravitation, principle of superposition refers to the total force of an object. Total force is the addition of all the vectors due to the gravitational fields of force acting on the object (Fowler, 2006). Superposition refers to the masses which interact with each other. To find the total force, we have to find the gravitational force for each mass by using the formula, Fg = GMm/r ². Finally, add up all the forces by using vector addition method (Forces and Fields n.d.). 4.0 Future of Gravitation Einstein theorized that gravity can be explained by the curvature of space time.  Space time is warped by the mass and energy inside of it but not flat. Objects travel in straight line do not hold by mysterious force but follow the curves in space time. The objects move in straight lines along four-dimensional space time but move in elliptical circles in three-dimensional space. Light appears to travel in straight lines although it is actually bent, curved and changed by the fabric of space time. Although it looks like straight out in front of us, it is actually around the corner of the sun because the space time warp morphs the light. We see only the result of the light that is being bent around the sun. This can not be tested since the sun is shining us right in the eyes and we cannot see the stars.  However, it is possible to test out this theory during a total solar eclipse. We are constantly orbiting the sun so we are able to observe the changes of the movement of the star i n orbit (Space Time: The Fabric of the Universe n.d.). 5.0 Conclusion In conclusion, based on the acceptable Newtons gravitational law of gravitation, gravitation is a mutual force. Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Therefore, gravitational force is depends on the masses of the bodies and the distance between the two bodies. Reference List Forces and Fields n.d., viewed 29 July 2009, http://electron9.phys.utk.edu/phys136d/modules/m4/efield.htm Fowler, M 2006, Gravitational Field, viewed 29 July 2009, http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/152.mf1i.spring02/GravField.htm Gravitation and Gravity n.d., viewed 29 July 2009, http://alex.edfac.usyd.edu.au/Methods/Science/studentwork/MassoftheEarth/gravitationandgravity.htm Johannes Kepler: The Laws of Planetary Motion n.d., viewed 29 July 2009, http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/kepler.html Newtons Law of Gravitation n.d., viewed 29 July 2009, http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/physics/circ/node7.html Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of Gravitation n.d., viewed 6 June 2009, http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newtongrav.html Space Time: The Fabric of the Universe n.d., viewed 29 July 2009, http://www.astronomy.pomona.edu/Projects/moderncosmo/alexs%20page%201.html Universal Gravitation and Weight n.d., viewed 29 July 2009, http://dev.physicslab.org/Document.aspx?doctype=3filename=UniversalGravitation_UniversalGravitationWeight.xml Intellectual Disability: Causes and Conditions Intellectual Disability: Causes and Conditions Assessment Demonstrate knowledge of causes and associated conditions related to intellectual disability Outcome 1: Define Intellectual Disability Task 1 1.1 Give 2 definitions of intellectual disability in accordance with a recognised source. Follow prescribed APA format when citing sources. Definition 1: Intellectual disability is a disability characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behaviour which covers many everyday social and practical skills. This disability originates before the age of 18. Source: World Health Organization. Definition 2: Intellectual disability means a significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and to learn and apply new skills (impaired intelligence). Source: World Health Organization. 1.2 Using a definition of intellectual disability give 2 explanations of how this impacts on the persons adaptive skills: The person finds it hard to understand and follow social rules and customs and obeying laws. The person finds it difficult to perform the daily activities which include feeding, bathing, dressing, occupational skills, and navigational skills. Using a definition of intellectual disability give 2 explanations of how this impacts on the persons cognitive ability. A person is not able to think, reason, and solve problems or make decision like what to say while answering the telephone or talking to another person. A person is not able to concentrate, learn new things and does not have the ability to talk or write, resulting in the inability to live independently. Reference: FAQ on Intellectual Disability, American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Outcome 2: Describe the outcomes of intellectual Disability Task 2 2.1 Give 2 examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur before birth and describe two [2] main characteristics of the effects. Example1: Fragile x Syndrome. Source: Bray, Anne, Definitions of intellectual disability, [Donald Beasley Institute, 2003] Main characteristics: If the mother does not follow a low phenylalanine diet before birth then the infants will have a low birth weight and grow more slowly than other children. The child will have heart defects or other heart problems, like abnormal small head size and behavioural problems. Example 2: Downs Syndrome Source: Bray, Anne, Definitions of intellectual disability, [Donald Beasley Institute, 2003] Main characteristics: It is caused by a random error in cell division and results in abnormality in physical characteristics like small chin, round face and almond eyes. The baby will have shorter limbs, protruding or oversized tongue and also have obesity problems. 2.2 Give 2 examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur during or immediately following birth and describe 2 main characteristics of the effects. Example 1: Premature Birth. Source: World Health Organisation, International Classification of Disability, and Health. Main characteristics: It happens when mothers smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol or use illicit drugs which results in unresponsive reflexes and problem in breathing. If the mother suffers from stressful life events, such as death of a loved one or domestic violence which results in slow heart rate or difficult feeding. 2.3 Give 2 examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur during childhood years and describe the impact on the day to day support needs of the person. Example 1: Malnutrition Source: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Impact: The person will have problems in doing his daily activities like going to school or understand what is happening around him or eating his food at the time and taking his medication. He won’t be able to concentrate in class and will often feel depressed. He will need words of encouragement from his teachers and parents. His daily activities should be monitored and ensure to keep health appointments with the physio, social worker and therapists. Example 2: Brain injuries. Source: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Impact: The person will have difficulty with memory tasks like math facts or spelling words. He may not be confident in school will be easily frustrated. He may seem to remember information one day and forget it the next. He will need support in bathing, grooming, and needs reminding of personal hygiene like washing his hands after using the toilet and brushing his teeth. Help from support groups and agencies are also necessary. Outcome 3: Describe conditions frequently associated with intellectual disability. Task 3 Condition 1: Foetal Alcohol syndrome Causes: Mothers drinking during pregnancy leads to foetal alcohol syndrome. Miscarriage, stillbirth premature birth and small birth weight are all associated with it. When a pregnant women drinks alcohol, it easily passes across the placenta to the fetus which can harm the baby’s development. Main Characteristic 1: Children with FAS have distinct facial features including small and narrow eyes, a small head, a smooth area between the nose and the lips and a thin upper lip. Main characteristic 2: They also have hearing and ear problems. Their immune system are also weak due to FAS and they have issues with their height and weight. Description of the Support Needs of the person with the condition: Physical Support: The person needs to be reminded when to take his medicines or needs assistance in taking his medication. They will need assistance in crossing the road and also with daily activities like bathing, grooming and brushing their teeth or putting on their shoes. They will also need speech therapist so that they can interact with their peers. Social Support: The person will need communication and social skills training for interaction with friends, teachers and others. They will need supportive activities like group work to gain confidence and independence. Regular interaction with other children will boost their self-confidence. Cognitive Support: The person will need special education teacher to teach how to talk and what words he should use while talking to someone. He will need a speech therapist to learn how to pronounce a word or say a word clearly. Condition 2: Autism Causes: It is not certain what causes ASD, but it’s likely both genetics and environment play a role. Some studies suggest that people with ASD have abnormal levels of serotonin or other neurotransmitters in the brain. Main Characteristic: 1 People with Autism will have repetitive, obsessive, and unusual behaviour. They will have difficulty in communicating with others does not speak with anyone. They will have excessive lining up of toys or objects and they also have no response to name or social responsiveness. Main Characteristic: 2 They won’t have eye contact while talking to another person and avoid bright lights, noises or physical contact. They won’t be able to understand facial expressions or understand humour or pain, unable to establish friendships and may become isolated. Description of the Support Needs of the person with the condition: Physical Support: They will need an environment which is free from noise and avoid bright lights. They will need constant supervision while doing any work or playing outside. They will need relaxation and stress management like body massage or occupational therapy. Social Support: They will need assistance in learning society rules or social behaviour using logic. They will need advice like how to interact with people and make friends. They will need opportunities for relaxation like chilling out with family and friends. Opportunities for friendships are also important for these people. Cognitive support: The person will need one on one session between him and the therapist. He will need assistance in things like reading a book or solving a math problem. If there is a changes which is made then he should be informed in a manner that makes sense to the person. Reference: FAQ on Intellectual Disability, American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Condition 3: Epilepsy Causes: Epilepsy can be due to severe head injury, strokes, birth trauma, brain tumours, toxins, brain infection, brain diseases, genetic condition or drug abuse.In many cases the cause is unknown. Main Characteristic 1: The person affected will have recurring and spontaneous seizures .The person may be unconscious or completely unaware of what is happening. Main characteristic 2: Some people with epilepsy simply stare blankly for a few seconds during a seizure, while others repeatedly twist their arms or legs. Seizures may be partial affecting small part of the brain or generalised, affecting whole brain. Description of the Support Needs of the person with condition: Physical Support: Making sure that the environment is safe while walking around so that they won’t get injured when seizure occurs. The environment should be hazard free. He should be monitored weather he is taking his medication at the right time or is he getting any side effects which needs to be reported to the right people. Social Support: He should be encouraged to attend school and work and needs to be reminded constantly that he should not be ashamed of his condition. He should be encouraged to maintain contact and communication with friends and co-workers. He should not be treated differently from other co-workers only because of his condition and he should be treated with respect. His dignity should be maintained during seizure episodes. Cognitive Support: He could be missing learning opportunities during seizure and might need extra teaching support. Keeping an appointment dairy will ensure that he is keeping up to date with his activities. Reference: Bray, Anne, Definitions of intellectual disability. [Donald Beasley Institute,  2003]

Jane Eyre Obstacles and Love Essay examples -- English Literature

Jane Eyre Obstacles and love The novel, Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte is a story about a young orphaned girl and her quest for love. Jane, the young girl searches for love and acceptance through each setting; Gateshead, Lowood, Thornfield, Moor House, and Ferndean. Throughout these points in her life, the maturation and identity recognition of Jane becomes visible. It is only when, Jane flees from Rochester and Thornfield, and spends time at Moor House, that her maturation to womanhood is completed. In this moment, Jane is able to come back to Rochester as an independent woman, knowing that she has a desire to love, and to be loved. If we look at the world, through Jane's eyes we see that she is a strong girl who wants to erase her birth name as an orphan. We see each struggle that Jane tries to beat for an identity and for love. The book opens up with Jane living with her Aunt Reed, who constantly thinks of her as burden, and low life. Jane is forced to live with her Aunt Reed, for her parents die and she came to live with her uncle, who also later dies making his wife promise him that she would take care of Jane. Gateshead is Jane's first home. Here we see that Jane is amazingly self-willed and has a temper. We realize that she has this strong tempered when she steps up to her aunt, exclaiming, " You think I have no feelings, and that I can do without one bit of love or kindness, but I cannon live so: and you have no pity. I shall remember how you thrust me back -- roughly-- and violently thrust me back--into the red room, and locked me up there, to my dying day; thought I was in agony; I cried out, while suffocating with distress, ' Have mercy! Have mercy, aunt Reed!' and that punishment you made me ... ...rn child's face. Jane discovered the maturation and the inner self of her woman hood. She can love, and is capable of being loved. This book, shows us the main obstacles that a woman had during the Victorian times. Many woman did not have it easy, and Jane was one of them. Woman needed a high self confidence. It is hard for one to love, when they themselves, have never felt what it is like to be loved. How are you suppose to trust those around you, when all you have been through is hurt? The main thing, a woman would need is courage. Jane is determined to find a life for herself. She is determined not to give up. She is determined to show everyone that she could be loved. She is determined to show her aunt, that she could be anything that she wanted to be. It just goes to show that no matter how many obstacles come your way, determined minds always win.

Nursing Scholarship Essay Essay

â€Å"The pursuit of happiness† isn’t that what we all strive for? Some find it in family and friendship; some find it in love and others in money and work. I find happiness in knowing that with much determination and will power I have been able to pursue my lifelong dream of being a nurse. The medical field is an area of constant change and evolution in society on a daily basis thus producing great challenges to those who take healthcare seriously. My goals for pursuing my educational advancement are first and foremost to continue to grow; stay equipped and continue to care for my patients with the utmost quality and knowledge. Being a nurse has been such a privilege to me and an opportunity to share the gift of love through compassionate care to people who are hurting. See more: how to write a scholarship essay for study abroad I originally â€Å"fell in love† with the ministry of nursing as a young girl during my studies about Florence Nightingale and her service to our military men. Not only did she administer first aide to the soldiers on the battlefield she also tended to their souls. I knew that nursing was my calling and that Florence Nightingale would be my mentor. As I grew older and life circumstances led me to being a single mother raising two children, I decided to add another level of fulfillment in my life and pursue a career in nursing. This decision was not easy but motherhood not only gave me a fresh sense of purpose and passion for life it was also the motivating factor to choose nursing as a reliable career. Happiness is not something you postpone for the future; it is something you design for the present. Therefore; pursuing my educational advancement in nursing is my design for today.

It Was Necessary For The Human Race - 1160 Words

Zinn’s question if the bloodshed and deceit were necessary in order for the human race to progress one might argue that yes it was necessary, to a certain extent. If the English did not colonize America, maybe it would not be what it is today. The Europeans came here with their tools and influence over the country. The colonist used the bloodshed in order to control the Native Americans, the Africans, and even their own people. They did not want them to rebel therefore, they devised systems in order to manipulate them. Even though they implemented these systems, the Native Americans and the Africans Indians rebelled against the Europeans. The Europeans would oppress the people, imprisoned and punish them in order to have†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, one may also argue that it was not completely necessary for the bloodshed to occur because there could have been alternative methods for each situation in the colonies. The Europeans would kill and hang the peop le to send a message to the other slaves, not disobey them or they will be punished for it. However, what if they simply did not have slavery period and just paid these people to work the land. That way, they would not have the need to ‘rebel’ and get punished for it. Another instant were England could have chosen an alternative path, Zinn wrote about England wanted to rid themselves of prisoners and beggars; these people were stripped, beaten bloody and then sent to work out of the country to America. They were sent as indentured servants, perhaps England could have sent them without beating them because traveling to America was punishment enough, and they were away from their families. There was a lack of food on board, some of them died and were thrown overboard. Additionally, the distress of the people was apparent, they were hungry due to the shortage of food; these people suffered. Some of them were reduced to cannibalism. Zinn mentions that women were raped and p regnant women were thrown overboard. It was not necessary for them to be beaten bloody in order for the human race to progress because they suffered enough just traveling to America. Moreover, ‘Richard Frethorne,